What Is Depression?

Depression is more than just feeling low from time to time. It’s a mental health condition that can affect how you think, feel, and function physically. When depression sets in, daily life can feel heavy, your energy drops, and things that once brought joy may lose their meaning.

Depression is one of the most common mental health challenges and can affect anyone – regardless of age, gender, or background. Understanding what depression is, and what treatment options are available, can be an important first step toward feeling better.

Common Symptoms of Depression.

Depression affects both mental and physical well-being. Here are some of the most common signs:

Mental and emotional symptoms:

• Loss of interest or joy: Things that used to feel meaningful now seem pointless.
• Difficulty concentrating: It can be hard to focus, make decisions, or remember things.
• Feelings of hopelessness or low self-worth: Negative thoughts about the future or yourself become more frequent.
• Increased irritability or emotional numbness: Some feel overwhelmed, while others feel disconnected.

Physical symptoms:

• Sleep issues: Trouble falling asleep, waking during the night, or sleeping more than usual without feeling rested.
• Changes in appetite: Some people lose their appetite and lose weight; others eat for comfort and gain weight.
• Fatigue and low energy: Even after a full night’s sleep, your body may feel heavy and exhausted.
• Physical discomfort: Depression can also show up as headaches, stomach problems, or body pain.

Everyone experiences depression differently. But if symptoms last for more than two weeks and affect your daily life, it might be time to seek support

What Causes Depression?

Depression usually isn’t caused by just one thing. It’s often the result of a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors.

1. Genetics and brain chemistry.

• A family history of depression may increase your risk.
• Imbalances in brain chemicals like serotonin and dopamine can affect your mood.

2. Stress and trauma.

• Difficult experiences – such as losing a loved one, divorce, or childhood trauma – can trigger depression.
• Long-term stress, like financial pressure or burnout at work, can also have lasting effects.

3. Physical health and hormones.

• Conditions like thyroid issues, hormonal changes, or vitamin deficiencies may contribute to depression.
• Life stages like pregnancy or menopause can also affect mental well-being.

4. Social factors.

• Feeling lonely or lacking support from those around you can make things harder.
• A safe and supportive environment, on the other hand, can protect your mental health.

No matter the cause, it’s important to remember that depression is not a sign of weakness. It’s a medical condition – and help is available.

Take a Therapy Test – Find Out If Therapy Might Help.

Going through a period of depression or low mood can feel overwhelming. It’s not always easy to know what kind of support you need, or if therapy is the right path.

By answering a few questions, you can get a better understanding of whether therapy might help you process what you’re going through and start feeling better.

The test includes just 8 quick questions and takes less than a minute to complete.

Take the therapy test here

Treating Depression – What Actually Helps?

There are several effective treatments for depression, and the best approach depends on your unique needs and how severe the symptoms are.

Treatment for Mild Depression.

Small lifestyle changes can make a big difference when depression is mild:

• Lifestyle adjustments: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and quality sleep can all support your mood and overall well-being.
• Mindfulness and relaxation: Meditation, deep breathing, and grounding techniques can help ease negative thought patterns.
• Social support: Talking with a trusted friend or joining a support group can reduce feelings of isolation.

Treatment for Moderate Depression.

When symptoms are more persistent, treatment often includes structured therapy or a combination of approaches:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): One of the most effective methods to change unhelpful thought patterns and behaviors.
• Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): Focuses on improving relationships and social connections – especially helpful if relationship issues are contributing to your depression.
• Antidepressant medication: In some cases, medication like SSRIs can be a helpful part of the treatment plan.

Treatment for Severe Depression.

More intensive support may be needed when depression becomes severe:

• Medication: Antidepressants can help regulate mood and stabilize symptoms.
• Combination therapy: A mix of medication and therapy is often the most effective approach for severe cases.
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): Considered when other treatments haven’t helped – ECT can be a safe and effective option in specific cases.

How to Cope With Depression in Daily Life.

Getting professional support is often key – but there are things you can do in your everyday life to support your recovery:

1. Recognize your symptoms.

Understanding how depression affects you helps you spot patterns and respond more mindfully.

2. Start small – small steps matter.

Routines, regular meals, and physical activity can gently boost mental health over time.

3. Reach out for support.

You don’t have to go through this alone. A therapist or trusted person can make a big difference.

4. Be kind to yourself.

Healing from depression takes time. It’s okay to take things one step at a time.

When Should You Seek Help?

If you’ve been experiencing symptoms for more than two weeks – or if you’re having thoughts of self-harm – it’s important to seek help.

Here are some signs that professional support may be needed:

• You feel consistently down or drained.
• You isolate yourself or withdraw from family and friends.
• Everyday tasks like work, school, or routines feel overwhelming.
• You’re experiencing suicidal thoughts or feel like life has lost its meaning.

Asking for help is a sign of strength. A therapist can give you the support and tools you need to move forward.

How Can Therapy Help With Depression?

Therapy is one of the most effective treatments for depression. It provides a space to explore your emotions, learn coping tools, and find new ways of thinking that support healing.

Here are some common types of therapy for depression:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps you identify and shift negative thinking patterns.
• Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): Focuses on improving your relationships and how you connect with others.
• Mindfulness-Based Therapy: Supports emotional regulation and stress relief through present-moment awareness.